Volume 41 (2025)

"Shadow" by Ann Schulte
ISSUE 6
Queering Rural Education Special Issue Word Cloud

This special issue explores queering rural education. It was edited by guest editors Darris R. Means, Leia K. Cain, and Ty C. McNamee and is a collaboration between the Journal of Research in Rural Education and the Journal of Queer and Trans Studies in Education

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This arts-based autoethnographic piece explores my layered experiences as a queer educator working in a rural high school, where heteronormativity and small-town familiarity often complicate notions of teacher identity, professionalism, and belonging. Using paper dolls and narrative vignettes, I explore how a queer teacher-self is negotiated and expressed within the cisheteronormative and gendered expectations of schooling. Emphasizing the disruptions possible in queer work, I emphasize that rural schooling can be a site of empowerment and joy through disruptions that students and I called “gray spaces” of possibility and affirmation—for both them and me. By highlighting moments of tension, joy, resistance, and community, I challenge notions of rural schools as solely hostile terrains for queer people, and underscore how they might alternatively be spaces of relationality, playfulness, empowerment, and transformation. Through the use of paper dolls as both metaphor and method, I accentuate that teacher identity, like pedagogy, is always layered and richly textured by context.

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This article explores the creation of a digital storymap tracing the author’s journey as a white, queer, and transfemme college student from a rural background. Prompted by a graduate school narrative, the project revisits and reframes the story using the framework of queer rural liminality (QRL), which understands queerness, rurality, and liminality as co-constitutive and dynamic. Using ArcGIS StoryMaps—a digital storytelling platform—the project weaves together images, theory, personal narrative, and past writings to represent the fluidity of place, queerness, and rurality. Through restorying the author’s educational journey as a queer rural college student, the storymap resists binary assumptions of rurality and queerness as being incompatible. It demonstrates how educational environments can serve as sites of resistance and possibility for queer rural college students. In doing so, the project contributes to emerging scholarship on queer rural student experiences and illustrates how digital storytelling can be a powerful tool for identity exploration and meaning making in educational contexts.

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The mixed-media artwork “Rooted and Resilient” pairs with the autoethnographic narrative to examine queer identity formation in the rural U.S. South. The artwork visualizes a life split between coercive conformity and chosen belonging: a blue, nonbinary figure braces between a frayed rope of church, family, and school expectations and a vibrant colorful braided rope of community and self-embrace. A barren field that demands “conform” and vibrant terrain that invites “embrace” encode a pull from survival to flourishing. The narrative grounds these symbols in fundamentalist religiosity, familial control, and school climate, while tracing countercurrents—rural gender “wiggle room,” clandestine literacies, and quiet peer solidarities. Together, image and text articulate how small acts, such as notes in lockers, shared books, and coded friendships, become a praxis of belonging that enables letting go of the ties that bind rigid rural traditions and stepping into chosen family and open selfhood. By rendering interior struggle and communal repair in accessible visual-narrative form, the work offers a lens for educators, counselors, rural advocates, and rural queer and trans youth and adults to recognize normative violence and to cultivate conditions where queer and trans youth can move from isolation toward collective resilience.

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To explore the possibilities of and make a case for LGBTQ+ representation in the formal K–12 curriculum of small-town Rockbridge County, Virginia, the authors have imagined a history textbook called “The LGBTQ+ History of Rockbridge County.” The excerpts from this imagined textbook, created to represent what local LGBTQ+ curriculum could be, are both an exercise in creative writing and design as well as a collection of concrete stories and experiences from our home county. With the help of input from Rockbridge County High School’s flagship LGBTQ+ Alum Network (gathered via survey, email correspondence, and online focus groups), the authors designed textbook pages that provide a window into the people, places, and practices central to LGBTQ+ survival and life in Rockbridge County. Although this textbook does not exist (yet) as a complete standalone work, these pages may serve as a foundation for future projects about LGBTQ+ life in our home county and in other similar rural communities. By referencing traditional textbook aesthetics and providing a small glimpse into a rich local LGBTQ+ history, these excerpts illustrate both the costs of our erasure and the possibilities of our inclusion in formal K–12 curricula.

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TransRural Lives is the first digital storytelling project that explores the lives of transgender older adults (ages 50+) from nonmetropolitan areas in the Pacific Northwest. This article explores the community-based educational events that have become crucial to disseminating TransRural Lives beyond the project’s website, specifically through rural “pop-up” storytelling events. The storytelling methods incorporated into these pop-ups serve as crucial informal learning opportunities that explore the needs of transgender individuals outside metropoles. They engage with diverse topics related to transgender aging in rural areas, intergenerational knowledge and resource sharing, the diversity of transgender older adults’ experiences, and the spaces that foster community and belonging for transgender older adults in rurality. In rural areas, where formal educational infrastructure for trans adults is lacking, these pop-ups function as a critical form of informal adult education. They also help develop intergenerational kinship networks that challenge dominant narratives about queer and trans rurality and resist the marginalization of rural lives. In doing so, they offer a model for how storytelling, when grounded in community and place, can reveal hidden histories and make visible the broad range of transgender experiences in rural areas, providing a rich area of study within broader community-facing adult education.

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This creative/arts-based piece includes poetic voices from the editors of “Rural Education and Queer Identities: Rural and (Out)Rooted” alongside visual art representations from the Queer artist who provided the cover art for the volume. As contributors, Cook and Cain use reflexive poetry as a methodological exercise to engage with themes of insider/outsider perspectives in their research with LGBTQ+ participants. As editors of the volume, we found ourselves citing this practice as a rural Queer methodology to explore the tensions that arose for us as academics and educators while curating the collection. This piece explores three spaces inspired by Pennell’s chapter on being Queer across time and space in three rural settings. First, we explore rural taproots, two-steppin’ between our Queerness and temporal memories of being closeted youth. Second, we consider root systems as we two-step between our roles as educators and, as Thompson said, “agents of affirmation.” Third, we display aerial roots as we symbolically visit home as out rural scholars to unpack those early lessons. The accompanying artwork serves as further reflection into this arts-based inquiry. We conclude by providing two suggestions for future rural pedagogical practice and scholarship.

ISSUE 4
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This study used phenomenological approaches to investigate the lived experiences of rural school counselors (RSCs) working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Information concerning how the pandemic has impacted RSCs is lacking. The current study was a part of a larger investigation aimed at understanding RSCs’ use of trauma-informed practices. The investigation engaged eight RSCs from across the United States, conducting interviews from September to November 2021, following the lifting of COVID-19 quarantine and virtual education protocols but still within the pandemic period. Participants were asked specific questions related to their perceptions and experiences working during the COVID-19 pandemic, their professional satisfaction as a result, how their students were affected, and how they experienced COVID-19’s impacts their rural communities and schools. Thematic analysis revealed four overarching themes regarding COVID-19’s impact on RSCs: (a) school counselor flexibility, exhaustion, and dissatisfaction; (b) rural student learning loss, trauma response, and social atrophy; (c) rural community stress, strain, and political tension; and (d) emotional fatigue, trauma, and grief. These findings provide a rich picture of RSCs’ lived experiences and begin to fill large research gaps concerning both RSCs and the impact of COVID-19 in rural spaces.

ISSUE 3
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This study examined the college transition experiences of rural Latinx undergraduate students in California’s San Joaquin Valley. The literature on rural students in higher education is limited, and much of it has been focused on White students, especially those in areas such as Appalachia, the Midwest, and the Southern United States, which has led to the exclusion of rural Latinx undergraduate students and how their rurality intersects with their race to inform their higher education experiences. This study adds to the literature by focusing on the college transition experiences of rural Latinx undergraduate students from the San Joaquin Valley to better understand how race and rurality impact students’ experiences in higher education. Fifteen students engaged in two two-hour-long pláticas, which were conducted utilizing Chicana/Latina feminist pláticas (conversations), for a total of 30 pláticas. Three critical findings were revealed: (a) rural Latinx undergraduate students encounter academic challenges based on prior K–12 rural schooling, (b) they experienced racial microaggressions as they navigated unfamiliar racial dynamics on campus, (c) the rural Latinx undergraduate students felt socially disconnected from wealth and urban Latinx peers. These findings revealed the unique challenges that rural Latinx undergraduate students face in higher education.

ISSUE 2
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Given recent anti-Queer legislation across the United States and the 16-year gap since Gray’s Out in the Country: Youth, Media, and Queer Visibility in Rural America, this literature review describes the intersections of Queerness and rurality in K–12 educational spaces. Hallinger’s process for review provides a framework to analyze the selected articles. Based on the search criteria, nine peer-reviewed, empirical journal articles published between 2012 and 2022 were selected. These articles were analyzed for rural Queer salience and how they discuss the intersection of Queerness and rural education. From the analysis, three themes emerged related to victimization and safety, teacher and administrator attitudes, and school-provided Queer resources. This review concludes with a discussion and implications for change section that educators and researchers may use to further investigate the intersections of rural education and Queer identities.

ISSUE 1
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To support preservice teacher education and in-service professional development for rural social studies teachers, I examine the degree to which rural teachers, students, and communities are reflected in social studies education research. I first developed a theoretical framework for analyzing the rural research quality in the articles I found. I then identified 70 research articles in social studies education that intersect with rural education. Using my theoretical framework, I used content analysis methods to review these 70 articles and classify them based on (a) each article’s quality of rural analysis and (b) the facets of social studies education it examined (e.g. world history, elementary, economics). Based on these analyses, I provide several suggestions for social studies education researchers looking to conduct meaningful rural research. I also outline several facets of social studies education in need of (more) urgent investigation in rural contexts. In addition, I discuss a few areas in need of future consideration by rural education researchers looking to improve the quality of rural education scholarship more broadly.

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